On gloss:

vy
letteral for v.

In definition:

siltci
x1 is a tool-whistle [v].
pu'e'ei
mekso binary operator: generate span; outputs span(X1, X= spanX; set of all (finite) sums of terms of form c v, where v is an element of algebraic structure X1 (wherein scalar multiplication and summation is defined), and c is a scalar belonging to ring X2.
jinmrvanadi
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of vanadium (V).

In notes:

cunrafsi
r1 is an unpredictable/irregular affix for word/concept r2, with form/properties r3, in language r4.
remvisyska
x1 appears to be in the human-visible band of light, with specific color/hue/shading x2 as perceived by x3 under conditions x4.
premi
x1 is the principal/chief/main/boss/primary/premier in aspect/organizational principle/role x2 (ka) in organization/system x3.
fau'i
mekso ternary operator: inverse function of input function X1 with respect to its input X2, taken on branch or restricted domain X3 ("domain" being of X1).
aigne
x1 is an eigenvalue (or zero) of linear transformation/square matrix x2, associated with/'owning' all vectors in generalized eigenspace x3 (implies neither nondegeneracy nor degeneracy; default includes the zero vector) with 'eigenspace-generalization' power/exponent x4 (typically and probably by cultural default will be 1), with algebraic multiplicity (of eigenvalue) x5
palxima
x1 is a unicycle/one-wheeled vehicle
masKUAS
Moscow